ADDRE8.S  OF  COT^GRESS 


^ 


/ 


PEOPLE  OF  THE  CO^FEDEitA l i^  STATES. 


JOl^T  KESULLTIOK   IM  KELATION  TO  Tllii.  WAK. 

ReaoLvtd  by  the  Congress  of  the  Confederate  States,  Tliiit  tho  present  is  deemed  a 
titting  occasion  to  remind  the  people  of  the  Cout'ederate  tiiates  that  ihey  are 
engaged  in  a  struggle  lor  the  preservation  both  ol'  liberty  and  civilization;  and 
that  no  sacrifice  of  life  or  fortune  can  be  too  costly  which  may  be  requisue  lo  secure 
to  themselves  and  their  posterity  tiic  enjoyment  of  these  inappreciable  blessings  ; 
and  also  to  assure  them  that,  in  the  judgment  of  ihe  (Jongres!?,  the  resources  of 
the  country,  if  developed  with  energy,  nusbanded  with  care,  and  applied  with 
fidelity,  are  more  than  sufficient  to  support  the  most  protracted  war  which  it 
can  be  necessary  to  wage  for  our  independence,  and  to  exhort  ilitiu,  b)  every  consid- 
eration which  can  influence  Ireemen  and  patriots,  to  a  magiiaiiimoua  surieiider  of 
all  personal  and  party  feuds,  to  an  indignant  rebuke  of  every  exhibition  of  lactious 
temper,  in  whatever  quarter,  or  upon  whatever  pretext  it  may  be  made  ;  to  a  gener- 
OUH  support  of  all  branches  of  the  Government,  in  the  legiduuite  exercise  ol  their 
constitutional  powers,  and  to  that  harmonious,  unselfish  and  patriotic  co-operation 
which  can  alone  impart  to  our  cause  the  irresistible  strength  wnich  springs  from 
united  councils,  fraternal  feelings,  and  fervent  devotion  to  the  public  weal. 


In  closing  the  labors  of  the  first  Permanent  Congress,  youi"  representatives  deem  it 
a  fit  occasion  to  give  some  account  of  their  stewardship  ;  to  review  brietiy  what, 
under  such  embarrassments  and  auversc  circumstances,  nas  been  accomplisUcd ;  to 
invite  attention  to  liie  prospect  before  us,  and  the  duties  incumbent  on  every  citizen  in 
this  crisis ;  and  to  address  such  words  of  counsel  and  encouragement  as  the  times 
demand 

Compelled,  by  a  long  scries  of  oppressive  and  tyrannical  acts,  culminating  at  last  iu 
the  selection  of  a  President  and  Vice-President,  by  a  party  confessedly  sectional  and 
hostile  to  the  South  and  her  institutions,  these  States  withdrew  from  the  former 
Union  and  formed  a  new  Confederate  alliance  as  an  independent  Government,  based 
on  the  proper  relations  of  labor  and  capital.  This  step  was  taken  reluctantly,  by 
constraint,  and  after  the  e.vhaustion  of  every  measure  that  was  likely  to  secure  us 
from  interference  with  our  property,  equality  in  the  Union,  or  exemption  from  sub- 
mission to  an  alien  Government.  The  southern  States  claimed  only  the  unrestricted 
enjoyment  of  the  rights  guarantied  by  the  Constitution.  Finding,  by  painlul  and  pro- 
tracted experience,  that  this  was  persistently  denied,  we  determined  to  separate  Iroiu 
those  enemies  who  had  manifested  the  inclination  and  ability  lo  imj)overish  and  de- 
stroy us.  We  fell  back  upon  the  right  for  which  the  colonies  maintained  tlie  war  of 
the  revolution,  and  which  our  heroic  forefathers  asserted  to  be  clear  and  innlienablo. 
The  unanimity  and  zeal  with  which  the  separation  was  undertaken  and  perfected, 
finds  no  parallel  in  history.  The  people  rose  ««  w.i»«c  to  assort  their  liberties  and 
protect  their  menaced  rights.  There  never  was  before  sucli  universality  of  convic- 
tion among  any  people  on  any  question  involving  so  serious  and  so  thorougli  a  change 
of  political  and  international  relations.    Tliis  grew  out  of  the  clearness  vl'  the  right 


BO  to  act.  and  the  cprthinty  of  the  perils  of  further  association  with  the  North.  The 
change  wns  «o  wondorful.  80  rapid,  so  oontrnry  to  uiiivorsal  history,  that  many  fail  to 
hee  lliai  itll  has  brtn  done  in  the  lotjieal  sequence  of  ]irinci|-lc.«.  which  are  the  highest 
teitiriiony  1<>  tl)e  \vi»Join  of  our  fath«T!>.  and  the  hest  iliu<tr[iti<n  of  tlie  correctness  of 
those  princip  es  This  Oovernnn'iit  i.»  a  ciiikl  of  law  in.«tead  of  sedition,  of  right  in- 
(•tend  of  violrnce.  of  deliberation  instead  of  insurrection.  Its  CHrlv  life  was  attended 
hy  no  nnnrc  ly,  no  r<'belli<m.  no  pu>pf>nsion  of  autiiority,  no  social  disorders,  no 
lawle-s  di»tMrlmnces.  Sovereignty  wa'  not  for  one  moment  in  nbeya?  ce.  Th»  utmost 
con-erv»ti«in  mnrked  ever;,  procei'ding  and  fublic  act.  The  objec"  was  "to  do  what 
wa«  n>oe>sary.  and  no  more;  and  Jo  Ho  that  wiih  the  utmost  temtcrnnee  and  pru- 
dence." St.  .Iu>l.  ill  his  re|K>rt  to  the  Convention  of  France,  in  1793.  said:  "  A  people 
has  but  fine  dangerous  em-niy.  and  that  i."^  Government.''  We  adopted  no  such  ab- 
hurdity.  In  n-urly  every  ins-tnnee  the  first  steps  were  tal<en  leglly  in  accordance 
with  the  will  and  preserihed  direction  of  the  constituted  authoritie.s  of  the  seceding 
Slates.  We  were  not  r»*mitted  to  brute  force  or  naiurnl  law.  or  the  instincts  of  rea- 
son. Tlie  churter'  of  freedom  were  .scrupulously  preserved.  As  in  the  English 
revolution  of  1GH8,  and  ours  of  177G,  there  was  no  material  alteration  in  the  laws, 
beyond  wliat  was  ncc<»s8ary  to  redress  the  abnaes  that  provoked  the  struggle,  ^c 
attempt  nv:i,«  made  to  build  on  tpecululivr  jirinciples.  The  effort  was  confined  within 
the  narrowest  limits  of  historical  and  constitutional  riglit.  The  controversy  turned 
.>n  the  re<  ord«  and  muniments  of  the  past.  We  merely  resisted  innovation  and 
tyranny,  and  contended  for  our  birthrights  and  the  covenanted  principles  of  6Mrrorc. 
Wo  have  had  our  Governors,  General  Assemblies  and  courts  ;  ihe  same  electors,  the 
s.Hine  eorjiorations.  "the  same  rules  for  property,  the  same  subordinations,  the  same 
..rder  in  the  law  and  in  the  magistracy."  When  the  sovereign  States  met  in  council, 
they  in  truth  and  substance,  and  in  a  constitutional  light,  did  noi  make,  but  pre- 
vented, a  revolution. 

Comnu  ncing  our  new  national  life  under  such  circumstances,  we  had  a  right  to  ex. 
peot  that  we  would  be  permitted,  without  molestation,  to  cultivate  the  arts  of  peace; 
and  vindicate,  on  our  chosen  arena,  and  with  the  .^elected  type  of  social  character, 
istics,  "iiirelaims  to  civilizutiou  Ii  was  thought,  too,  by  many,  that  war  would  not 
).f;  resorted  to  by  an  enlight<'ned  country,  except  on  the  direst  necessity.  That  a 
peo|»le.  professing  lo  be  animated  by  Christian  sentiment,  and  who  had  regarded  our 
).>*ciiliar  institution  as  a  blot  and  blur  upon  the  fair  escutcheon  of  their  common 
Ohrisiiiinity.  should  make  war  upon  the  South  for  doing  what  they  had  a  perfect 
right  to  do.  and  for  rilieving  them  of  the  incubus  which  they  professed,  rested  upon 
them  by  assoeiation.  was  deemed  almost  beyond  belief  by  many  of  our  wisest  minds. 
It  wa^  lici|(i-d,  too.  that  the  obvious  interests  of  the  two  sfctions  would  restrain  the 
wild  frenzy  of  excitement,  ami  turn  into  peaceful  channels  the  thoughts  of  those  who 
had  but  rcreiitly  been  inveMid  with  power  in  tlie  I'nited  States. 

These  rcHsoni.ble  anticii.ations  were  doomed  to  disappointment.     The  red  glare  of 

battle,  kindled  at  Sumter,  dissipated  all   hopes  of  peace :  and  the  two  Governments 

were  arrayed  in  hostility  against   each    other.      Wf  charge  the  rfi-pom-hility  of  this  xoar 

upon  the  l.'titxl  Siiltt.     They  are  accountable  for  the  blood  and  havoc  and  ruin  it  has 

canned.     For  such  a  war  we  were  not  prepared.     The  diflerenco  in  military  resources 

betweea  our  enemies  and  ourselves;  the  immense  advantages  possessed  in  the  organ- 

iz.ed  niacin  ;iery  of  an  esiablislied  Government;  a  powerful  navy;  the  nucleus  of  an 

-.r"  V  :  credit  abroad,   and  illimitable   facilities    in  mechanieul    and  manufacturing 

]iUbed  tbun   on  "the  vantage  ground.'     In  our  infancy,  we  were  without  a 

.11  or  M»ldier.  without   revenue,  without  gold  and  silver,  without   a  recognized 

liiaee  in    lh»!  family  of  iiatioiir,  without  external  commerce,  without  foreign  credit, 

A  itll  the  itrijudices  of  the  world  against  us.     While  we  wvrc  without  manufacturing 

li.'H  to  ^upply  our  wants,  our  por«s  wero  blockaded  ;   wo  had  to  grapple  with  a 

adversary,  defend   two  thoiisund  mihi*  of  fea-coast,  and  an   inland  frontier  of 

If  we  had  succeeded   in   preventing  any  -urcesses  on  the  part  of  our 

liMVo  been  a  miracle.     What  wo  have  accomplished,  witti  a  popula- 

in   niiml>erk.  and   mean-,  ho  vastly  disproportionate,  has  excited  the 

Jitlonifiinieni  and  admiration  of  the  world. 

The  war  in  whidi  we  are  engaged  was  wickedly,  and  against  all  our  protests  and 
the  mo-t  oHroem  effort-  to  tlie  contrary,  forced  upon  us  South  Carolina  .sent  a  com- 
inibhion  to  Wn^-hington  i,>  ndjust  all  questions  of  dispute  between  her  and  the  United 
Stales  One  of  th.'  fir-t  acts  of  the  Provisional  Government  was  to  iiccrcditaLonts  to 
visit  Wafl.inglon.  an()  Uho  all  honorable  means  to  obtain  a  satisfactory  settlement  of 
all  (inestiuiis  r.f  dispute  with  ihat  Government.  Both  etforts  failed.  Gommissionm 
were  deceived  and  rejecte<l.  and  cl«n<ie,tlne  but  vigorous  jireparations  were  made  for 
war.  In  pr -portion  to  our  perseverance  and  anxiety  have  been  the  obstinacy  and 
*rrojjanco  in  spurning  offem  of  peace.     It  Kecms  we  can  be  indebted  for  nothrng  to 


C.I 


the  Tirtues  of  our  enemy.  We  are  obliged  to  Lis  vices,  which  have  enured  to  our 
strength.     We  owe  as  much  to  his  insolence  and  blindness  as  to  our  precaution. 

The  wager  of  b  ittle  having  been  tendered,  it  was  accepted.  The  nhicrity  with 
which  our  people  flew  to  arms  is  worth}'  of  all  prnise.  Their  deeds  of  heroic  daring, 
patient  endurance,  ready  submission  to  discipline,  and  numerous  victories,  are  ia 
keeping  with  the  fervent  patriutism  that  prompted  their  early  volunieerinsr.  Quite 
recently,  scores  of  regiment*  have  re.enlisted  lor  the  war,  testifying  their  determina- 
tion to  fight  until  their  liberties  were  achieved.  Couplf-d  with,  and  contributing 
greatly  to.  this  entiuisiasiic  ardor,  was  the  lofty  courage,  the  indomitable  re-olve, 
the  self-denying  spirit  of  our  noble  women,  who.  by  their  labors  of  love,  tbeir  pa- 
tience of  hope,  their  unflinching  constancy,  their  uncomplaining  submi>sion  to  priva- 
tions of  the  war,  have  siied  an  immortal  lustre  upon  iheir  sex  and  country. 

Our  arniy  is  no  hireling  .soldiery.  It  comes  not  from  paupers,  eiiminals  or  emi- 
grants. It  was  originaUy  raised  by  the  free,  unconstrained,  unpurch;isable  assent 
of  the  men.  All  vocations  and  classes  contributed  to  the  swel  ing  numbers.  Aban- 
doning lu.xuries  and  A)mforts  to  which  they  had  been  accustomed,  they  submitted 
cheerfully  te  the  scanty  fare  and  exactive  service  of  the  camps.  Their  services  above 
price,  the  only  remuneration  they  have  sought  is  the  protection  of  their  altars  fire- 
sides and  liberty.  In  the  Norwegian  wars,  the  actors  were,  every  one  of  hem, 
named  and  patronyniicaliy  described  asthe  King's  friend  and  companion.  The  samo 
wonderful  individuality  has  been  Seen  in  this  war.  Our  soldiers  are  not  a  consoli- 
da  ed  mass,  an  unthinking  machine,  but  an  army  of  intelligent  unitJ*.  To  designate 
all  who  have  distinguished  themselves  by  special  valor,  would  be  toeiuimerate  nearly 
all  in  the  army.  The  generous  rivalry  between  the  troops  from  different  States  has 
prevented  an\'  special  pre  eminence,  and  hereafter  for  centurie.s  to  come,  the  gallant 
bearing  and  unconquerable  devotion  of  Confederaie  soldiers  will  inspire  the  hearts, 
and  encourage  the  hopes,  and  strengthen  the  faith,  of  all  who  labor  to  obtain  their 
freedom. 

For  three  years  this  cruel  war  has  been  waged  against  us,  and  its  continuance  ha.s 
been  soizwl  upon  us  a  pretext  by  some  discontented  persons  to  excite  hostility  to  the 
Government.  Kecent  and  public  as  have  been  the  occurrences,  it  is  atrange  that  a 
misapprehension  exists  as  to  the  conduct  of  the  two  (rovernments  in  reference  to 
peace.  Allusion  has  been  made  to  the  unsuccessful  efforts,  wheii  separation  took 
place,  to  procure  an  amicable  adjustment  of  all  matters  in  dispute.  These  attempts 
at  negotiation  do  not  comprise  all  that  has  been  done.  In  .every  form  in  which  ex- 
pression could  be  given  to  the  sentiment,  in  public  meetings,  through  the  press,  by 
legislative  resolves,  the  desire  of  this  people  for  peace,  fur  the  uninterrupted  enjoy- 
ment of  their  rights  and  prosperity,  has  been  made  known.  The  President  moro 
authoritativelj-.  in  several  of  his  me.«sages,  while  protesting  the  utter  absence  of  all 
desire  to  interfere  with  the  United  States,  or  acquire  any  of  their  territory,  has 
avowed  that  the  "advent  of  peace  will  be  hailed  with  joy.  Our  dtsiro  for  it  has 
never  been  concealed  Our  efforts  t<>  avoid  the  war,  forced  on  us  as  it  was  by  the 
lust  of  conquest  and  the  insane  passions  of  our  foes   are  known  to  mankind." 

The  course  of  tlie  Federal  Government  has  proved  tliat  it  did  not  desire  pea':e,  and 
would  not  consent  to  it  on  any  term-*  that  we  could  possibly  coiu-ede  In  prooi  of 
this,  we  refer  to  the  repeated  rejeeti  n  of  all  terms  of  coneiliaiion  aod  compromise, 
to  th(!ir  recent  comemptnous  r«^fus  il  Jto  receive  the  Vice  Pre.-«ident  who  w.i.s  sent  to 
negotiate  for  softening  the  asperities  of  war,  and  tlieir  scornful  rvjection  of  the  offer 
of  a  neutral  power  lo  mediate  between  the  cmtendlnnr  parties.  If  canmlativo  evi- 
dence be  needed,  it  can  be  found  in  the  following  resolution,  recently  adopied  by  the 
Uonso  of  Kepreseniatives  i.i  Washingion  : 

"  Hfsol  ed.  That  as  our  coun  ry  and  the  very  existence  of  the  be^f  Government 
ever  instituted  by  man  are  imperilled  by  the  most  causidess  ;ind  wicked  ri'bollioti 
that  the  wirld  has  «een,  and  bulieving.  as  we  do,  that  the  only  hopi-  of  sav.ng  this 
country  and  preserving  this  Government  is  by  the  power  of  tiie  sword,  we 
are  for  the  mo.-^t  vigorous  prosecution  of  the  war  until  the  Constitution  and  the  laws 
shall  be  enforced  and  obeyed  in  all  parts  of  the  United  States;  and  to  that  end  wo 
opjiose  any  armistice,  or  intervention,  or  mediation,  or  proposition  for  peace,  from 
any  quarter,  so  long  as  there  shall  be  found  a  rebel  in  arms  against  the  Govern  m"nt; 
and  we  ignore  all  party  names,  lines  and  issues,  and  recognize  but  two  parties  in  this 
war — patriots  and  traitors." 

The  motive  of  .such  strange  conduct  is  obvious.  The  republican  party  was  founded 
to  destroy  slavery  and  the  equality  of  the  States,  and  Lincoln  was  selected  as  the 
instrument  to  accomplish  this  object.  The  Union  was  a  barrier  to  the  consumnuition 
of  this  policy,  because  the  Constitution,  which  was  it"  bond,  recognized  and  pro- 
tected slavery  and  the  sovereignty  of  the  States.  Tho  Union  mus'.,  therefore,  be 
■acriticed,  and  to  ensure  its  destruction,  war  was  determined  on. 


The  mass  of  the  northern  people  wore  not  privy  to,  and  sympathized  in  no  such 
design.  They  loved  the  Union  and  wished  to  preserve  it.  To  rally  the  people  to 
the  support  'of  the  war,  its  object  wasproclaimod  to  he  "a  restoration  of  the  Union," 
as  if  that  which  implied  voluntary  assent,  of  which  agreement  was  an  indispensable 
element  &'>x\  condition,  could  be  preserved  by  coercion.  It  is  absurd  to  pretend  that 
a  government,  really  desirous  of  restoring  the  Union,  would  adopt  such  measures  as 
the  confiscation  of  private  property,  the  emancipation  of  slaves,  systematic  efforts 
to  invite  them  to  insurrection,  forcible  abduction  from  their  homes,  and  compulsory 
enlistment  in  the  army,  the  division  of  a  sovereign  State  without  its  consent,  and  a 
proclamation  that  one-tenth  of  the  population  of  a  State,  and  that  tenth  under 
military  rule,  should  control  the  will  of  the  remaining  nine-tenths.  The  pnly  rela- 
tion possible  between  the  two  sections,  under  such  a  policy,  is  that  of  conqueror  and 
conquered,  superior  and  dependent.  Rest  assured,  fellow-citizens,  that  although 
restoration  m  ly  still  be  used  as  a  war  cry  by  the  northern  Government,  it  is  only 
to  delude  and  betray.  Fanaticism  has  summoned  to  its  aid  cupidity  and  vengeance  ; 
and  nothing  short  of  your  utter  subjugation,  the  destruction  of  your  State  govern- 
ments, the  overthrow  of  your  social  and  political  fabric,  your  personal  and  public 
degradation  and  ruin,  will  satisfy  the  demands  of  the  JS'orth.  Can  there  be  a  man 
so  vile,  so  debased,  so  unworthy  of  liberty  as  to  accept  peace  on  such  humiliating  terms? 

It  would  hardly  bo  fair  to  assert  that  all  the  northern  people  participate  in  these 
designs.  On  the  contrary,  there  exists  a  powerful  political  partj',  which  openly 
condemns  them.  The  administration  has,  however,  been  able  thus  far,  by  its 
enormous  patronage  and  its  lavish  expenditures  to  seduce,  or  by  its  legions  of  '•  Hes- 
sian" muict'naries  to  overawe,  the  masses,  to  control  the  elections,  and  to  establish  an 
arbitrary  dospotisni  It  cannot  be  possible  that  this  state  of  things  can  continue. 
The  people  of  the  United  States,  accustomed  to  freedom,  cannot  consent  to  be  ruined 
and  enslaved  in  order  to  ruin  and  enslave  us.  Moral,  like  physical,  epidemics, 
have  their  allotted  periods,  and  must,  sooner  or  later,  be,  exhausted  and  disappear. 
"When  reason  returns,  our  enemies  will  prohnbly  reflect,  that  a  people,  like  ours,  who 
have  exhibited  such  capabilities,  and  extemporized  such  resi>urces,  can  never  be  sub- 
dued; ih  .t  a  vast  ex[)Mnse  of  territory,  with  such  a  population,  cannot  be  governed 
as  an  obi;(licnl  colony.  Victory  would  not  be  conquest.  The  inextinguishable  quar- 
rel vp  uld  be  tianimi  ted  "from  bleeding  sire  to  son,"  and  the  struggle  would  be  re- 
newed between  generations  yei  unborn.  To  impoverish  us  would  only  he  to  dry  up 
some  of  the  springs  of  northern  pi-osperity — to  destroy  southern  weulthis  to  reduce 
northfM-n  profits,  while  the  restoration  of  peace  would  necessarily  re-establish  some 
commercial  intercourse.  It  may  not  be  amiss,  in  this  connection,  to  say,  that  at  one 
tiin  •.  it  was  iKc  wish  aiid  expectation  of  many  at  the  South,  to  form  a  treaty  of  amity 
and  fri-ndship  wiih  the  northern  States,  by  which  both  peoples  might  derive  the  bene- 
fits i)f  commercial  in'ercours"  and  move  on,  side  by  side,  in  the  arts  of  peace  and  civili- 
zation. Hjstory  has  coniirmed  the  lesson  taught  by  Divine  authority,  thai  each  na- 
tion, as  wll  as  each  in<!ividual,  should  seek  their  happiness  in  the  prospeii-y  of 
others,  and  not  ia  the  injury  or  ruin  of  a  neighbor.  The  general  welfare  of  all  is 
the  highest  d  ctate  of  moral  dut}'  and  economic  policy,  while  a  heritage  of  triumph- 
ant wrong  IS  the  greatest  curse  that  can  befall  a  nation. 

Until  >ome  evidence  is  given  of  a  change  of  policy  on  the  part  of  the  Government, 
and  some  a  .suranee  is  received  that  efforts  at  negotiation  will  not  bo  spurned,  the 
Congress  are  of  opinion,  that  any  direct  overtures  for  peace  would  compromise  our 
self  re^peet.,  be  frui'less  of  good,  and  imorpretod  by  the  enemy  as  an  indication  of 
wenknesrt  We  can  only  repeat  the  desire  of  tlio  people  for  peace,  and  our  roadi- 
neis  to  accept  terms,  consistent  with  the  honor  and  dignity  and  independence  of 
the  S  ates,  and  compatible  with  the  safety  of  our  domestic  institutions. 

Not  content  with  rejecting  all  proposals  for  a  peaceful  settlement  of  the  con- 
trover-<y.  a  cruel  war  of  invasi(Ui  was  commenced,  which,  in  its  progress,  has  been 
marked  by  a  brutality  and  disregard  of  the  rules  of  civilized  warfare  that  standout  in 
unexatnpled  birbarity  in  the  history  of  modern  wars.  Accompanied  by  every  act  of 
cruelty  and  rapine,  the  conduct  of  "the  enemy  has  been  destituic  of  that  forbearance 
and  magnanimity  which  civilization  and  Christianity  have  introduced  to  mitigate 
the  asperities  of  war.  The  atrocities  are  too  incredilDle  for  narration.  Instead  of  a 
regular  war,  our  resistance  of  the  unholy  efforts  to  crush  out  our  .national  existence 
is  treated  as  a  rebellion,  and  the  settled  international  rules  between  ?)elligorents  are 
ignored.  Instead  of  conducting  the  war  as  betwixt  two  military  and  political 
organizations,  it  is  a  war  against  the  whole  population.  Houses  are  pillaged  and 
burned.  Churches  are  defaced.  Towns  are  ransacked.  Clothing  of  women  and 
infants  is  stripped  from  their  persons.  Jewelry  and  mementoes  of  the  dead  are 
stolfti.  Mills  and  implements  of  agriculture  are  destroyed.  Private  salt  works  are 
broken  up.     The  introduction  of  medicines  is  forbidden.     Means  of  subsistence  aro 


wantonly  wasted  to  produce  becgary.  Prisoners  are  returned  with  contagious 
diseases.  The  last  morsel  of  I'nod  has  b»on  taken  from  families,  who  were  not 
allowed  to  carry  on  a  trade  or  braruth  of  industry.  A  rigid  and  offensive  cpionaffe 
has  been  introiluced  to  frrr<^t  out  •disloyalty."  Persons  have  been  forced  to  choo.<o 
between  starvation  of  helpbvs  chiM-en  and  taking  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  a  hated 
Government.  The  cartel  for  cxkliaMge  of  prisocers  has  bern  suspended  and  our 
unfortunate  soldiers  subjected  to  ih"  grossest  indignities.  The  wounded  at  Gettys- 
burg were  deprived  of  their  nurr-es  and  inhumanly  left  to  perish  on  the  field. 
Helple.ss  women  have  been  exposed  to  the  most  cruel  outrages  and  to  that  dishonor 
which  is  infinitely  worse  than  death.  Citizens  have  been  murdered  by  the  Butlers 
and  McNeils  and  Milroys,  who  are  favorite  generals  of  our  enemies.  Refined  and 
delicate  ladies  liave«boeu  seized,  bound  with  cords,  imprisoned,  guarded  by  negroes, 
and  held  as  hostages  f»r  the  return  of  recaptured  slaves.  UnoflFending  non-combat- 
ants have  been  banished  or  dragged  from  their  quiet  homes,  to  be  immured  in  filthy 
jails.  Preaching  the  gospel  has  been  refused,  except  on  condiiion  of  taking  the  oath 
of  allegiance.  I'arents  have  been  forbidden  to  name  their  children  in  honor  of 
'»  rebel  ■'  chiefs.  Property  has  been  confiscated.  Military  governors  have  been  ap- 
pointed for  States,  satraps  for  provinces,  and  Ilaynaus  for  cities. 

These  cruelties  and  atrocities  of  the  enemy  have  been  exceeded  by  their  malicious 
and  blood-thirsty  purposes  and  machinations  in  reference  to  the  slaves.  Early  in  this 
war,  President  Lincoln  averred  his  constitutional  inability  and  personal  unwilling- 
ness to  interfere  with  the  domestic  institutions  of  theStsUes,  and  the  relation  between 
master  and  servant.  Prudential  considerations  may  have' been  veiled  under  con- 
scientious scruples,  for  Seward,  in  a  confidential  instruction  to  Mr.  Adams,  the  min- 
ister to  Groat  Britain,  on  lOtli  March,  18f)2,  said  :  "  If  the  Government  of  the  United 
States  shnuld  precip'dit  ',v  decree  the  immediate  abolition  of  slavery,  it  would  rein- 
vigorate  the  declining  insurrection  in  ever\'  part  of  the  South."  Subsequent  reverses 
and  the  refractory  rf  belliousness  of  the  seceded  States,  caused  a  change  of  policy, 
and  Mr.  Lincoln  issued  his  celebrated  proclamation,  a  mere  brutum  fulmcn,  liberating 
the  slaves  in  the  "  insurrectionary  di.-tricts."  On  the  24th  of  June,  1776,  one  of  the 
reasons  assigned  by  Pennsylvania  for  her  separation  from  the  mother  country,  was 
that,  in  her  sister  colonies,  the  "  King  had  excited  the  negroes  to  revolt"  and  to 
imbrue  their  hands  in  the  blood  of  their  masters,  in  am  mncr  unpractised  b}- civilized 
nations."  This,  prnbahly,  had  reference  to  the  proclamation  of  Dunmore,  the  last 
royal  Governor  of  Virginia,  in  1775,  declaring  freedom  to  all  servants  or  ncgioes,  if 
tht'v  would  join  '•  for  ^he  I'feducing  the  colony  to  a  proper  sen.^e  of  its  duty  "  The 
invitation  to  the  slaves  to  rise  against  thei'-  masters,  the  suggested  insurrection,  caused, 
says  Bancroft,  "a  thrill  of  indignation  to  run  through  Virginia,  effacing  all  differ- 
ences of  parly,  and  rousing  one  strong,  impassioned  purpose  to  drive  away  the  inso- 
lent power  by  which  it  had  been  put  forth  "  A  cotemporary  annalist,  adverting  to 
the  same  proclamation,  said,  "  it  was  received  with  the  greatest  horror  in  all  the 
colonies." 

"The  piilicy  adopted  by  Dunmore,"  says  Lawrence  in  his  notes  on  Wheaton,  "of 
arming  the  slaves  against  their  masters,  was  not  pursued  during  the  war  of  the  revo- 
lution ;  and  when  negioes  were  taken  by  the  Knglish,  they  wore  not  considered  other- 
wise than  as  property  and  plunder."  Emancipat  on  of  slaves  as  a  war  measure  has 
been  severely  condemned  atid  denounced  b\  the  most  eminent  j-ublicisis  in  Europe 
and  the  United  Stales.  The  United  Siates,  "  in  iheir  diplonuUic  relations,  have  ever 
maintained,'  says  tlie  northern  tinthority  just  quoted,  '-that  hlave.-  were  private  prop- 
erty, and  for  tliem,  as  such,  tiiey  have  repeatedly  received  cc<inpensaiioii  from  Eng- 
land." Napoleon  I.  wa^  never  induced  to  l^^sue  a  proclamaiit)n  for  the  emancipation 
of  the  serfs  in  li.is  wir  with  Ku.^^sia.  He  said :  *•  I  could  have  armed  against  Jier  a 
part  of  her  population,  by  proclaiming  the  liberty  of  ihc  serfs.  A  great  number  of 
villages  asi.ed  it  of  me.  but  I  refused  to  avail  myself  of  a  n>easur«»  which  would  ha^e 
devoted  to  deaili  thousands  of  families."  In  the  discuSvSions  growiui;  out  of  the  treaty 
of  peace  of  1S14,  and  the  proffered  mediation  of  Kus=ia.  theprincii.le  was  maintained 
by  the  United  ."■tales  that  "tiie  emancipation  of  memyV  slaves  is  not  among  the  acta 
of  legitimate -warfare  "  Tn  ihe  instructions  from  John  (>uincv  Adams,  as  Secre- 
tary of  State,  to  Mr.  Middleton,  at  St  Petersburg,  Oeti  ber  18,  182U,  it  is  said  :  ''The 
British  have  broadly  as.serted  the  right  of  em  lucipafing  slaves  (private  property)  as 
a  legitimate  right  of  war  No  such  "right  is  acknowledged  as  a  law  of  war  by  writers 
who  adroit  any  limitation.  The  right  of  j.utting  to  death  all  prisoners  in  cold  blood, 
and  without  special  cause,  might  as  well  be  prr>  •  iided  to  be  a  law  of  war,  or  the  right 
to  use  poisoned  weajmns,  or  to  nssassiiiate  " 

Disregarding  the  teachings  of  tlie  a  proved  writers  on  infcrnalional  law,  and  Ihe 
practice  and  claims  of  his  own  Government  in  its  purer  days.  President  Lincoln  has 
sought  to  convert  the  South  into  a  St.  Domingo,  by  appealing  to  ihe  cupidity,  lusts. 


ambition,  and  ferocity  of  the  slave.  Abraham  Lincoln  ia  bvit  the  lineal  descendanl 
of  Dunmore,  and  the  impotent  malice  of  each  wa*  fnilod  bv  the  fidelity  of  those  who, 
by  the  raeunticss  of  the  conspirators,  would  only,  if  successful,  have  been  seduced 
into  idli-ness,  tilth,  vice,  begi^ary  and  death. 

But  we  tire  of  these  indignities  and  enormities.  They  are  too  sickening  for  re- 
cital History  will  hereafter/ji^  ori/ those  who  cmiimitted  and  encuinaged  such  crimes 
in  immortal  infamy. 

General  Kobort  E.  Lee,  in  a  recent  battle  order,  Rtated  to  his  invincible  legions, 
that  "  the  cruel  foe  8e>;ks  to  reduce  our  fathers  and  mothers,  our  wive.-»  and  children, 
to  abject  slavery."  He  does  not  paint  too  slrongl>  the  purposes  of  the  enemy  or  the 
consequences  of  subjugation.  What  has  been  done  in  certain  districts,  is  but  the 
prologue  of  the  bloody  drama  that  will  be  enacted.  It  is  well  that  every  man  and 
woman  should  have  some  just  conception  of  the  horrors  of  conquc'jt.  The  fate  of  Ire- 
land at  the  period  of  its  conquest,  and  of  Poland,  distinctly  foreshadows  what  would 
await  us.  Thi'  guillotine,  in  its  ceaseless  work  of  blood,  would  be  revived  for  the  ex- 
ecution of.  the  •'  rebel  leaders."  The  heroes  of  our  contest  would  be  required  to  lay 
down  their  proud  ensigns,  on  which  are  recorded  the  lia  lle-tields  of  their  glory,  to 
stack  their  arms,  lower  their  heads  in  humiliation  and  dishonor,  and  pass  under  the 
yoke  of  abolition  misrule  and  tyranny.  A  liatei'ul  inquisition,  made  atrocious  by 
spies  and  informers;  star-chamber  courts,  enforcing  their  deci^ions  by  confiscations, 
imprisonments,  banishments  and  death  ;  a  band  of  detectives,  ferreting  out  secrets, 
lurking  in  every  family,  existing  in  every  conveyance;  the  suppression  of  free 
speech;  the  deprivation  of  a.rms  and  tVanciiises;  and  the  ever  present  sense  of  inf**- 
riority  would  make  our  eondiiion  abject  and  miserable  beyond  what  freemen  can 
imagine.  Su'jugation  involves  everything  that  the  torturing  malice  and  devilish 
ingenuity  of  our  foes  can  suggest — the  destruction  of  our  nationality,  the  equaliza- 
tion of  whites  and  blacks,  the  obliteration  of  State  lines,  degradation  to  colonial  vas- 
salage, and  I  ho  reduction  of  many  of  our  citizens  to  dreary,  hopeless,  remediless  bond- 
age. A  hostile  police  would  keep  "order"  in  every  town  and  city.  Judges,  like 
Busteed,  would  hold  our  courts,  protected  by  Yankee  soldiers.  Churches  would  be 
tilled  by  Yankee  or  tory  preachers.  Every  otlice  would  be  bestowed  on  aliens.  Absen. 
teeism  would  curee  us  with  all  its  vic(!.s.  Superatlded  to  these,  sinking  us  into  a  lower 
abyss  of  d^^jgradation,  we  would  be  nuide  the  slaves  of  our  slaves,  bowers  of  wood  and 
drawers  of  water  for  ihosc  upon  whom  God  has  stamped  indellibly  the  marks  of 
physiciil  and  intellectual  inferiority.  The  p;ist,  or  foreign  countries,  need  not  be  sought 
unto  to  furnish  illustrations  of  the  heritage  of  shame  that  subjugation  would  entail. 
Baltimore,  St.  Louis,  Nashviil.;,  Knoxville.  New  Orleans,  Vicksburg,  Hunisville, 
Norfolk,  Ncwbern.  Louisville,  and  Fredericksburg,  are  the  first  fruits  of  the  igno- 
miny atid  poverty  of  Yankee  domination. 

The  .-<ad  story  of  the  wrongs  and  indignities  endured  by  those  States  which  have 
been  in  the  coiufilete  or  partial  possession  ot  the  enemy,  will  give  the  best  evidence 
of  the  consequences  of  subjugation.  Missouri,  a  magnificent  empire  of  agri- 
cultural and  mineral  wealth,  is  to  day  a  smoking  rum  and  the  theatre  of  the  most 
revolt  ng  cruellies  and  barbarties  The  minions  of  tyranny  consume  her  substance, 
plunder  her  citizens,  and  destroy  her  pi-ace.  The  .'<acred  rights  of  freemen  an> 
struck  down,  and  the  blo»>d  of  her  children,  her  maidens,  and  her  old  men,  is  made 
to  fl')w,  out  of  mere  wantonness  and  recklessness.  No  whisijcrs  of  freedom  go 
unpunished,  and  the  very  instincts  of  self-preservation  are  outlawed  The  worship 
of  God  and  the  rites  of  sepulture  have  b(!tin  shamefully  iiiteruipted,  and,  in  many 
instances,  ttie  cultivaticm  of  the  so'l  is  prohibited  to  her  own  citizens.  Thi'se  facta 
are  attested  by  many  witnesses,  and  it  is  but  a  just  tribute  to  that  noble  and  chival- 
rous people,  that,  amid  barhirilies  almost  unjiaralloled,  they  still  maintain  a  proud 
and  defiant  spirit  towards  thuir  enemies. 

Jn  .Maryland  the  judiciary,  m  ide  subservient  to  executive ab.solufism,  furnishes  no 
security  f«r  individual  riglils  or  perscuial  frr'edotn ;  members  of  the  Legislature  are 
arrested  and  imprisoned  without  process  of  hiw  or  assignment  of  causc.  and  the 
whole  land  gronueih  nn;ier  the  ojipressions  of  a  merciless  tyranny. 

In  Kentucky,  tln'  ballot-box  has  been  overthrown,  free  speech  is  suppressed,  the 
most  vexatit)us  aniioyMTiei-s  harass  and  embitter,  and  all  the  arts  and  appliances  of  an 
unscrupulous  dcspoti-m  Hre  freely  used  to  prevent  the  uprising  of  the  nublo  patriots 
of  "the  dark  and  bloody  ground."  Notes  of  gladness,  assurances  of  a  brighter  and 
hotter  day,  reach  us,  and  the  exiles  may  take  courage  and  hope  for  the  future. 

In  Virginia,  the  model  of  all  that  illustrates  human  heroism  and  self-denying 
patriotisn^,  although  the  lemjiest  of  desolation  has  swept  over  her  fair  domains,  no 
j*ign  of  repentant^e  for  her  sejmralinn  from  the  North  can  be  found,  iler  o  d  home- 
steads dismantled,  her  ancestral  relics  destroyed,  her  people  irajjoverished,  her  terri- 
tory made  the  battle-ground  for  the  rude  shocks  of  contending  hosts,  and  then  dirided. 


with  hireling  parasites,  mockingly  claiming  jurisdiction  and  authority,  the  Old 
Dominion  still  stands  with  proud  crest  and  defiant  mien,  ready  to  tramp  beneath  her 
heel  ever}'  usurper  and  tj'iani,  and  to  illustrjite  afresh  hor  sic  i,fi.per  iyrannii,  the 
"proudest  motto  that  ever  blazed  on  a  nation's  shield  or  a  warrior's  arms.'' 

To  prevent  such  I'tTeets,  our  people  are  now  proseeuting  this  struggle  It  is  no 
mere  war  of  ca'culatinn.  no  contest  for  a  particular  kind  of  property,  no  baner  of 
precious  blood  f.r  filthy  lu(;re.  Everything  involved  in  manhodd,  civilization  reli- 
gion, law,  property,  couimy,  homo,  is  at  stake.  We  fight  not  for  piunder.  spoils,  pil- 
lage, teriit'irial  conquest.  The  Government  tempts  by  no  prizes  of  "betiuty  or 
boo'y,"  to  be  drawn  in  the  loitify  of  this  war.  We  seek  (o  preserve  civil  freedcmi, 
honor,  equality,  firesides,  and  bluod  is  well  shtd  when  "she  i  for  our  family,  for  our 
friends,  for  our  kind,  for  ourcountry.  for  our  God."  Burke  said:  "A  .Stale,  resolved 
to  hazard  its  existence  rather  than  abandon  its  object,  must  have  an  i!)tiiiite  advan- 
tage over  that  which  is  resolved  to  yield,  rather  than  carry  its  resistance  beyond  a 
coriain  point."  It  is  better  to  be  conquered  bj'  any  other  na'^ion  than  by  the  United 
States.  It  is  better  to  be  a  dependency  of  anv  other  power  than  of  that.  By  the 
condition  of  its  existince  and  essentia!  constitution,  as  now  governed,  it  must  be  in 
perpetual  hostility  to  us  As  the  Spanish  invader  burned  his  ships  to  make  retreat 
impossible,  so  we  cannot  aflFord  to  txke  steps  backward.  Retreat  is  more  dangerous 
than  advance.  Behind  us  are  inferiority  and  degradation.  Before  us  is  everything 
enticing  to  a  patriot. 

Our  bitter  and  implacable  foes  are  preparing  vigorously  for  the  coming  campaign. 
Corresponding  eftorts  should  be  made  on  our  part.  Without  murmuring,  our  people 
should  respond  to  the  laws  which  the  exigency  demands.  Every  one  capable  of 
bearing  arms,  should  be  conn«'cted  with  some  etfcctive  military  organization.  The 
utmost  energies  of  the  whole  population  should  be  taxed  to  produce  food  and  cloth- 
ing, and  a  spirit  of  cheerfulness  and  trust  in  an  all-wise  and  overruling  Providence 
should  be  cultivated. 

The  history  of  the  past  three  years  has  much  to  animate  us  to  renewed  effort,  and 
%  firmer  and  more  assured  hope.  A  whole  people  have  given  their  hearts  and  bodies 
to  repel  the  invader,  and  costly  sacrifices  have  been  made  on  the  aliar  of  our  country. 
JIo  similar  instance  is  to  bo  found  of  such  spontaneous  uprising  and  volunteering. 
Inspired  by  a  holy  patriotism,  again  and  again,  have  our  brave  soldiers,  with  the  aid 
of  Heaven,  baffled  the  el^brts  of  our  foes.  It  is  in  no  arrogant  spirit,  that  we  refer 
to  successes  that  have  cost  us  so  much  blood,  and  brought  sorrow  to  so  many  hearts. 
We  may  find  in  all  this  an  earnest  of  what,  with  determined  and  resolute  exertion, 
■we  can  do  to  avert  subjugation  and  slavery — and  we  cmnotfail  to  discern  in  our 
deliverance  from  so  many  and  so  groat  perils,  the  interposition  of  that  Being  who 
•will  not  forsake  us  in  the  trials  that  are  to  come.  Let  us,  then,  looking  upon  the 
bodies  of  our  loved  and  honored  dead,  catch  inspiration  from  their  example,  and 
gather  renewed  confidence  and  a  firmer  resolve  to  tread,  with  unfaltering  trust,  the 
path  that  leads  to  honor  and  peace,  although  it  lead  through  tears  and  suffering  and 
blood. 

We  have  no  alternative  but  to  do  our  duty.  We  combat  for  property,  homes,  the 
honor  of  our  wives,  the  future  of  our  children,  the  preservation  of  our  fair  land 
from  pollution,  and  to  avert  a  doom  which  we  can  read,  both  in  the  threats  of  our 
enemies  and  the  acts  of  oppression,  wo  have  alluded  to  in  this  address. 

The  situation  is  grave,  but  furnishes  no  just  excuse  for  dospond(>ncy.  Instead  of 
harsh  criticisms  <  n  the  Government  and  our  generals  ;  instead  of  bewailing  the  failure 
to  accomplish  impossibilities,  we  should  rather  be  grateful,  humbly  and  profoundly, 
to  a  benignant  Providence,  for  the  results  that  have  rewarded  our  labors.  Keniem- 
bering  the  disproportion  in  population,  in  military  and  naval  resources,  and  the  defi- 
ciency of  .skilled  iHbor  in  the  South,  our  accomplishments  have  surpassed  those 
recorded  of  any  people  in  the  annals  of  tiie  world.  There  is  no  just  reason  for  hope- 
lessness or  fear.  Since  the  outbreak  of  l!io  war  the  South  has  lost  the  nominal  pos- 
session of  the  Mississippi  river  and  fragments  of  hor  territory  ;  but  Federal  occu- 
pancy is  not  concjueet.  The  fires  of  patri\)ti.sm  still  burn  unqueiichably  in  the  breasts 
of  those  who  are  subject  to  foreign  domination.  We  yet  have  in  our  uninterrupted 
control  a  territory,  which,  according  to  past  progress,  will  require  the  enemy  ten 
years  to  overrun. 

The  enemy  is  not  free  from  difficulties.  With  an  enormous  debt,  the  financial 
convulsion,  long  postponed,  is  surely  ((.ming.  The  short  crops  in  the  United  States 
and  abundant  harvests  in  Europe  will  hasten  wdiat  was  otherwise  inevitable.  :Many 
sagacious  person;"  at  the  North,  discover  in  the  u-urj^ations  of  their  Government,  the 
certain  overthrow  of  their  libi-rties.  A  large  number  revolt  from  the  unjust  war 
waged  upon  the  South,  and  would  gladl^v  bring  it  to  an  end.  Others  look  with  alarm 
upon  the  comploto  subversion  of  constitutional  freedom  by  Abraham  Lincoln,  and 


fee!,  in  their  own  pi-rsoDii,  the  bitternetisof  the  sluTcry  which  three  years  of  war  have 
failed  to  inflict  on  the  b'"iith.  Brave  and  earnest  men  at  the  North  have  spoken  out 
against  the  usurpations  and  cruelties  daily  practiced.  The  success  of  these  men  over 
the  radical  and  dfsjiotic  faction  which  now  rules  the  North  may  open  the  way  to 
prac  ful  negotiation  and  a  ccssati-  n  <>f  this  bio<>dy  and  unnecessar}'  war. 

In  conclu-ion,  wo  exhort  our  fcKow-citiz^^ns  to  be  ut'  jtood  cheer  and  spare  no  labor, 
nor  sacrifices,  fai  may  bo  necessary  to  enable  us  to  win  the  campait;!)  upon  which 
we  have  just  iMi,>,red.  We  have  pasced  through  i;reat  trials  of  atMiclion,  but  suf- 
ferin-j  and  huiuiliation  a  e  the  school mastv-rci  that  load  nations  to  self  reliance  and 
indepindcuce.  Those  di>cinlinary  providences  but  mature  and  d>;velop  and  solidify 
our  people  Wo  bej;  that  iIk-  RU[>})li«s  and  resources  of  the  country,  which  are  ample, 
may  be  sold  to  the  Government  to  supj^ort  and  equip  its  armies.  L>  t  all  spirit  of 
taction  and  jiasi  party  diffeionces  be  forjfotten  in  the  presence  of  our  cruel  foe.  We 
should  not  despond.  We  should  be  self-denying.  We  shou'd  labor  to  extend  to  the 
utmost,  the  productive  resources  of  the  country.  Wediould  economize  The  fami- 
lies of  soldif.'rs  siioulc^ be  cared  for  and  li  orally  supplied.  We  entreat  from  all,  a 
generous  and  hearty  co-operation  witli  the  Government  in  all  branches  of  its  admin- 
istration, and  with  th"  ayents  civil  or  military,  in  the  performance  of  their  duties. 
Moral  aid  has  the  "power  of  the  incommunicible."  and,  by  united  efforts.  t<y  an  all- 
comprchen-ling  and  self-sacrillcing  }jatrioti.-m,  we  can,  with  the  blessing  of  God, 
avert  the  perils  which  environ  us,  and  achieve  for  ourselves  and  children  pe.ice  and 
freedom.  Hitherto  the  Lord  has  interpo.sed  graciously  to  bring  us  victory,  and  in 
His  hand  th*re  i*  present  power  to  prevent  this  great  inultitude  which  come  against 
UB,  from  casting  us  out  of  the  possession  which  He  has  give  .  us  to   inherit. 

T.    J.    SEMMES, 

J.    L.    ORE. 

A     E.    MxiXWELL, 
Commiitee   on    th"   p  rt   of   the   Senate. 

J.    AV.    CLAPP. 

J     L.    M.   CURRY, 

JULIAN  HARTRIDGE, 

JOHN   GOODE.    Jk., 
•W.   N.    H.    SMITH, 
Committee   of   the   House   of  Hcpreaentatives. 


THOMAS.  S.  BOCOCK, 

Speaker  of    H.  of  lieu., 
WALTER  PRhSTON, 
JOHN    McQTEiJN, 
CHARLES  W.  RUSSELL. 
W.  LANDER, 
A.  IL  CONROW, 

C.  J.  MUNNERLYN, 
THOMAS  S.  ASHE, 
0.  H.  SINGLETON, 
J.  L.  PUGH, 

A.  11.  ARRINGTON, 

WALLER  R.  STAPLES, 

A.  R.  BOTELER, 

THOMAS  J.  FOSTER, 

W.   R.  S.MITIJ, 

ROBERT  J.   BRECKINRIDGE, 

JOHX   M.   MARTIN, 

PORTER  INGRAM, 

A.  H.  GARLAND, 
E.  S.  DAR(;  AX, 

D.  ELNSTEN. 

THOMAS  D.  McDowell, 

J.  R.  McLEAN, 
R.  R.  BRIDGERS, 
G.  W.  JONES, 

B.  S.  GAITHER, 
GEORGE  W.   EWING, 

•W.   D.  JIOLDER, 
DAN.  W.  LEWIS, 
HENRY  E.   READ, 
A.  T.  DAVID.SON, 
M.  H.  MACWILLIK, 
JAMES  LYONS, 
CASPAR  W.  BELL. 
R.  B.  HILTON, 


CHARLES  J.  VILLERE, 
J.  W.  MOORE, 
LUCIEN  J.  DUPRE. 
JOHN  D.  C.  ATKINS, 
ISRAEL  WELSH, 
AVILLIAM  G.  SWAN, 
F.  B.  SEXTON. 
T.  L.  BURNETT, 
GEORmE  G.  VEST, 
WM.  PORCHER  MILES, 
E.  BARKSDALE. 
CHARLES  F.  COLLIER, 
P.  W.  GRAY, 
W.   W.  CLARKE, 
WILLIAM  W.  BOYCE, 
JOHN  R.  CHAMBLISS, 
J    HN  J.  McRAE, 
JOHN  PERKINS,  Jn., 
RO ii-RT  JOHNSON, 
J  \MEi  FAR    OW, 
W    D.  SIMPSON, 
LUCIUS  J.  (i'aRTRELL, 
M.  D.  GRAH\M, 
JOHN  B.  BAi  DWIN, 
E.  AI.  BRUCE. 
THOMAS  B     HANLY, 
W.   P    CHILTON, 
0.  R.  KWNAiV, 

C.  M.  tOXRAD, 
H.  W.  BRUCE. 
DAVID  Ci.OPXON, 
W.  B.  MACHEN, 

D.  C.  DeJARNETTE, 
H.  C    CHAMBERS, 
THOMAS   MENJBES, 
S.  A.  MILLEK. 


